The origin of the name "Java" can be traced from the Sanskrit language chronicles mention the existence of the island named yavadvip (a) (dvipa means "island", and yava means "barley" or also "grain") Is this grain is millet (Setaria Italica) or rice)], both of which have been found on the island in the period prior to the entry of Indian influence. Perhaps, this island has many names before, including Jau probably derived from the word meaning "far". Yavadvipa called in the Indian epic, the Ramayana. Sugriva, commander Wanara (ape) of Sri Rama's army, sent emissaries to Yavadvip ("Java") to find Dewi Shinta. Then, based on the literature of India, especially Tamil literature, called the Sanskrit name yāvaka dvipa (dvipa = island).Another suggestion is that the word "Java" is derived from the root word in Proto-Austronesian, which means "house
origin of the name of Java
Borobudur, the largest temple in the world
Located in the area Muntilan, Magelang, Central Java. The distance from Yogyakarta approximately 42 km to the north. This temple is a place of Buddhist worship, reflected in its name Borobudur means monastery in the hills, Borobudur is derived from the word Bara and Beduhur, which according to the Sanskrit language means Abbey and Beduhur Bara means over the hillLocated in the area Muntilan, Central Java. The distance from Yogyakarta approximately 42 km to the north. This temple is a place of Buddhist worship, reflected in its name Borobudur means monastery in the hills, Borobudur is derived from the word Bara and Beduhur, which according to the Sanskrit language means Abbey and Beduhur Bara means over the hill
Borobudur Temple was built during the 8th and 9th century, around the year 800 AD that the heyday of the Sailendra Wangsa rule. Its founder is the King who comes out of the Sailendra dynasty king Samaratungga, starting around 824 AD and ended up at the beginning of the year 900 the rule has been changed from King Samaratungga became Queen Pramudawardhani which is none other than the daughter of the King Samaratungga own.
The existence of this temple was lost due to the closing of this location by volcanic ash from the eruption of Mount Merapi. Even the existence of this temple neglected along with the emergence of Islam to Indonesia in the 15th century Finally the idea in 1814 when British control of Indonesia, A named Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles along a Dutch engineer named HC Cornelius was interested on the discovery of archaeological objects in Magelang. Assisted by about approximately 200 men they clean shrubs that covered the temple. And because this is the services of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles was honored as the first person to start the restoration and became the results to get the attention of the world. Finally the whole temple area can be excavated in 1835 and continues restored. With the help of this temple Unesco finally restored until 1984 and in 1991 Unesco set this temple as a World Heritage
Borobudur is composed of six squares above the terrace there are three circular courtyard, walls decorated with reliefs in 2672 as many as 502 panels and Buddha statues. The main stupa is located in the middle and is the largest, surrounded by 72 perforated stupas in which there is a statue of Buddha, sitting cross-legged. The temple is divided into three levels according to the Buddhist cosmology:
1. Kamadhatu (the realm of lust), the world is still dominated by lust, this section allegedly made to strengthen the construction of the temple. Here there are 160 reliefs Karmawibhangga story but currently hidden because of the closed structure.
2. Rupadhatu (the realm of intangibles), which is the world that has been able to break free from lust. This section consists of four hall with 1300 relief image with total length of 2.5 km
3. Arupadhatu (formless realm), which is where man is free from all desires and bond forms and shapes, but have not reached nirvana. The highest Tingakatan symbolized by the largest and tallest stupa, stupas plain without holes. In the largest stupa of Buddha statues have been found yet completed. According to the belief that one statue in the making should not be tampered with
In this temple every year during the full moon is full in May or June at the center of Vesak warning. At the time of the seconds before the full moon will gather around the Buddhist temple of Borobudur is because according to the trust at the time of Buddhist Vesak will appear top of the mountain to the south.
As we all know that Borobudur get into the 7 wonders of the world. However, in June 2007, Borobudur no longer get into the 7 wonders of the world because many of the stones that have been broken and re cemented by human hands today.
This makes the value of the miracle that was carved by our ancestors became lost. Indonesia was considered unable to preserve its cultural heritage. Initially, Borobudur can be included in the 7 wonders of the world because of our ancestors, in 750-842 BC to build this temple only to lay the bricks to form the temple of it. They do not use an adhesive such as cement that exist today, especially iron-reinforced concrete as the building foundation.
Although Borobudur is no longer included in the 7 wonders of the world, now the temple in the city of Magelang, Central Java, was unveiled as the world record holder for the largest Buddhist temple in the world. It was unveiled on June 27, 2012 by Guinness World Records headquarters in London, England.
Official certificate with the claim number 396-198 was delivered by Guinness World Records, England to Taman Wisata Candi Borobudur Prambanan Ratu Boko. With the official certificate, the Borobudur Temple was officially recognized as the world record holder for the largest Buddhist temple in the world.
To get a world record like that, the Taman Wisata Candi claim they are fighting to register Borobudur which takes 3 months, for the recognition of this Borobudur temple in the world's eyes. Effort is not easy, which made the Taman Wisata Candi, finally, sweet fruit for Indonesia.
Java language is listed in the google translate and widely used in the world
Java language used monosyllabic Javanese population in Central Java, Yogyakarta and East Java. In addition, the Java language is also used by people living in some other areas such as Banten (especially Serang, Cilegon, and Tangerang) and West Java (especially the northern coastal region which includes Karawang, Subang, Indramayu and Cirebon).From time to time, a lot of people who want to learn the Java language. Indonesia not only residents, but also residents of foreign countries. So the desire to translate other languages into the Java language emerged.
You definitely know google translate. one of the features provided by Google to transfer my one language translated into another language.Of all the languages of every tribe in Indonesia, only the Java language that is in the list of Google Transate from more than 746 the number of Indonesian regional languages. Inevitably, because of this, the Java language could eventually be translated into many languages coupled with Indonesian, the application that created the google. With this breakthrough, the Javanese culture more widely known by the world.
Based on estimates ethnologue.com, Javanese is ranked 11 in the world in terms of number of speakers, namely a row after: 1. Chinese language by number of speakers 1.21 billion people (most dominant Chinese with 845 million speakers); 2. Spanish (329 million); 3. English (328 million); 4. Arabic (221 million); 5. Hindi (182 million); 6. Bengali (181 million); 7. Portuguese (178 million); 8. Russian (144 million); 9. Japanese (122 million); 10. German (90.3 million); and 11. Java language (84.3 million). Number of speakers more than the Java language in Vietnamese, French, Korean and Turkish.Based on the Census of 2000 (ethnologue.com) the number of speakers of Javanese reached 84.3 million people, scattered in Central Java and East Java portion 69 million people, Cirebon (including Indramayu) of 2.5 million people, Banten 500 thousand people (spread over North Coast Serang and Tangerang). Also scattered in Papua, Sulawesi, Maluku, Kalimantan, Sumatra, Sabah, Singapore, even to the Netherlands, Suriname and New Caledonia. Actually, the Java language has spread across the districts and cities in Indonesia as well as dozens of countries in different continents. The existence of Java tribes even very dominant in some areas outside Java, such as in Lampung 62 percent, 33 percent of North Sumatra, South Sumatra and Jambi and 27 percent respectively. After the Java language, a language with the second largest number of speakers in Indonesia is Sundanese (Census 2000 there were 34 million people). Sundanese itself is ranked 31st largest language in the world, surpassed Farsi, Tagalog and Dutch.
JAVANESE CULTURAL AND ISLAMIC JAVANESE CHARACTERISTICS
Research Clifford Geertz (in Robertson, 1986: 182) argues that the Javanese village is as old as the Javanese. Evolution villages in Java to achieve their present form at each stage of it has been laid out and expressed with a religious system that is less unified. Before the arrival of Hindu religion around 400 BC, the religious traditions of the various ethnic Malays still contains elements of animism.
After centuries later animist tradition in Java is proven to absorb into the elements from Hinduism and Islam which came later in the XV century AD Thus, according to Geertz at the present time in rural Java religious system generally consists of a a balanced combination of elements of animism, Hinduism, and Islam, a basic syncretism which is true folk tradition, a basic substratum of civilization.
Geertz study prompted the three classes of the Java community, namely the priyayi, santri, and abangan that each has characteristics of different religious.
Geertz above findings show there is a special feature of the Java community diversity, especially Muslim communities, although in later development, when the public aware of the religion and religious knowledge deepens, they gradually untied syncretism which is a legacy of religious belief or age her that the dynamics is considered as a culture that is still well preserved, even should be upheld. In other words, a culture that developed in Java influence the attitude of the religious community.
Communities such as that which gave birth to a religion that became known as Jawi religion, or Javanese Islam, which is a belief and concepts of Hindu-Buddhist inclined towards mysticism mixed together and recognized as a religion.
In general, these are converted to the Muslim community, but do not live the teachings of Islam as a whole, because of the other streams also run as a guide, the flow kejawen. Kejawen actually be categorized as a culture that is contrary to the teachings of Islam, because this culture is still showing behaviors that are contrary to the teachings of Islam, such as confidence in the presence of other forces besides the power of God
Confidence in the strength of which is meant to believe in spirits, heirlooms, and the tombs of the figures, which are supposed to give blessings in one's life.
Most of the Java community has had a formal religion, but in life still appear to have a belief system that is still strong in his religious life, such as the belief in the existence of gods, spirits, or ancestors. Since humans are aware of the existence in the world, from that moment he began to think about the purpose of his life, truth, goodness, and his Lord.
One example of this opinion is the custom in the Java community, especially that adheres to Islam Kejawen for pilgrimage (come) to the tombs which are considered sacred on Tuesday night and Friday PON to seek blessings.
Java community who embraced Islam Kejawen in performing various daily activities are also influenced by beliefs, concepts, views, cultural values, and norms that are mostly located in the natural mind. Recognizing the reality as it is, then the Java mainly of Javanese groups do not like debating the establishment of his or her belief about God.
They never consider that trust and confidence in yourself is the most true and the other false. Mental attitude like this is a fertile ground for the growth of very large tolerances in both the religious life as well as in other fields.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
.jpg)
.JPG)
.jpg)