Colonization which took place in Java

Java relations with the colonial powers of Europe began in 1522, with the holding of an agreement between the Kingdom of Sunda and Portuguese in Malacca. After the failure of the agreement, then only a limited presence of the Portuguese in Malacca and the islands east of the archipelago alone. An expedition under the command of Cornelis de Houtman which consists of four ships in 1596, became the beginning of the relationship between the Netherlands and Indonesia. [10] At the end of the 18th century, the Dutch have managed to expand their influence on the sultanates in the interior of the island Java (see Dutch East Indies Company in Indonesia). Although the Java is a brave warrior, internal conflicts have prevented them from forming an effective alliance against the Dutch. Mataram remnants survive as Surakarta and Yogyakarta Sultanate. The Javanese kings claimed dominion over God's will, and the Netherlands support the remnants of the Javanese aristocracy by way of confirming their position as a ruler or regent region within the scope of the colonial administration.

In the early colonial period, Java plays a major role as a rice-producing areas. The islands of spice, for example the Banda islands, regularly bring rice from Java to meet the needs of their life.

Tea plantations in Java in the Dutch colonial era. Around 1926

England had conquered in 1811. Java Java and then became part of the Kingdom of Great Britain, by Sir Stamford Raffles as Governor-General. In 1814, the UK returns to the Dutch Java as the provisions of the Treaty of Paris.

Residents of the island of Java is probably already reached 5 million people in 1815 In the second half of the 18th century, began a surge in the number of people in the duchy-duchy along the north coast of central Java, and in the 19th century the entire island experienced rapid population growth. Various factors cause large population growth, among others, including the role of the Dutch colonial government, namely the set of civil war in Java, increasing the area of ​​rice fields, as well as introducing other food crops such as cassava and corn that can support food security for the population who can not afford to buy rice . [14] The other opinion states that increasing the tax burden and the ever-expanding perekutan work under the Cultivation System led to the couple trying to have more children in the hope of increasing the number of family members who can help pay taxes and make a living. In 1820, an outbreak of cholera in Java with 100,000 victims.